Artificial intelligence (AI) is a rapidly growing field with various sub-fields like machine learning and deep learning, and it has diverse applications. This article provides a comprehensive understanding of AI, including its history, definitions, categories, applications, and the importance of ethics within the field. The concept of AI traces back to the pioneering work of Alan Turing, who introduced the “Turing Test” in 1950. AI is defined as the science and engineering of making intelligent machines, and it can be categorized into four types based on task performance and complexity: reactive machines, limited memory systems, theory of mind AI, and self-aware AI.